Title: Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. - Latest Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.ca [See all properties](http://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?regionId=&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) Entire apartment # Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. Apartment in Paris, steps from Canal Saint-Martin ## Photo gallery for Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. ![Living area - Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. (Paris)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110290000/110283800/110283718/436435fd.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Shower, hair dryer, towels, toilet paper - Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. (Paris)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110290000/110283800/110283718/42904c4e.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![1 bedroom, iron/ironing board, WiFi, bed sheets - Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. (Paris)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110290000/110283800/110283718/w1170h877x0y0-e001703c.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Living area - Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. (Paris)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110290000/110283800/110283718/w1170h878x0y16-2023b537.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Private kitchen - Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. (Paris)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110290000/110283800/110283718/dead4ced.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Location - Amenities - Policies Close to Place de la Bastille and Opera Bastille, Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. provides amenities like laundry facilities. Stay connected with in-room WiFi. ## Reviews 9.0 Wonderful ### Entire apartment 1 bedroom1 bathroom ## Popular amenities - Washer - Dryer - Air conditioning ## Add dates for prices Check-in Check-out Travellers ## About this property ### Entire place You'll have the entire apartment to yourself and will only share it with other guests in your party. ### Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. Apartment in Paris, steps from Canal Saint-Martin This smoke-free apartment building features laundry facilities. The apartment offers a washing machine, a hair dryer, and a shower. Air-conditioned accommodations at this apartment offer irons/ironing boards. Bathrooms include showers and hair dryers. ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in the apartment: WiFi ### Bedrooms - Bedroom - Bedsheets provided ### Bathroom - 1 bathroom - Hair dryer - Shower - Toilet paper - Towels provided ### Laundry - Laundry facilities - Washing machine ### Comfort - Air conditioning - Heating ### Pets - No pets allowed ### Suitability/Accessibility - Smoking not allowed ### Services and conveniences - Iron/ironing board ### Safety features - Carbon monoxide detector (host has indicated there is a carbon monoxide detector on the property) - Smoke detector (host has indicated there is a smoke detector on the property) ## Similar properties ![1 bedroom, internet, bed sheets](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/88000000/87710000/87704800/87704786/e4cc4a81.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Bright and stylish Paris apartment 10th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Air conditioning - Microwave 8.0 Very good 1 review [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=87704786&PinnedHotelID=87704786&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Living area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/111000000/110290000/110283400/110283378/w1170h878x0y6-3220ddef.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Richard Lenoir Magnificent 1L perfectly equipped, for 4 people 11th Arrondissement - Washer - Dryer - Air conditioning 7.6 Good 4 reviews [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=110283378&PinnedHotelID=110283378&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/77000000/76700000/76696100/76696087/w1624h1079x0y5-3b099ad1.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Cosy 4/5-person apartment near Sacré Coeur Montmartre 18th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Washer - Pet friendly - Free WiFi 9.2 Wonderful 43 reviews [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=76696087&PinnedHotelID=76696087&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![1 bedroom, WiFi, bed sheets](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/114000000/113240000/113235200/113235198/6c1f0339.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Beautiful T2 near Place de la République Paris City Center - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Microwave [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=113235198&PinnedHotelID=113235198&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Smart TV, offices](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/96000000/95990000/95986900/95986891/79028235.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### New apartment Center of Paris/Le Marais 10th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Free WiFi 10 Exceptional 1 review CA $363 CA $524 total includes taxes & fees Feb 2 - Feb 3 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-02&endDate=2026-02-03&selected=95986891&PinnedHotelID=95986891&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/76000000/75830000/75829500/75829422/485f986d.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Opera Chic : a unique 2 bedrooms apartment in the heart of Paris 9th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Washer - Free WiFi - Microwave 8.4 Very good 17 reviews [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=75829422&PinnedHotelID=75829422&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Property grounds](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/114000000/113380000/113372200/113372178/20bc0f81.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Splendide Appart 4P - Réaumur Paris City Center - Kitchen - Microwave - Living/Dining area [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=113372178&PinnedHotelID=113372178&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Fridge, oven, stovetop, dishwasher](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/34000000/33490000/33482300/33482226/57ba83fa.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Spacious, light-filled 57m2 character apartment overlooking courtyard ideal for families 10th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Washer - Toys/Games - Living/Dining area 9.4 Exceptional 51 reviews [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=33482226&PinnedHotelID=33482226&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Smart TV, stereo](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/103000000/102130000/102124400/102124315/w1893h1263x3y0-2ae57580.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Large Two-bedroom Flat to Rent in Paris,100m From Beautiful Buttes Chaumont Parc 19th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Free WiFi 10 Exceptional 7 reviews [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=102124315&PinnedHotelID=102124315&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Dining](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/109000000/108990000/108985400/108985344/0ea8c455.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### TBS 6 - Beautiful apartment near Opéra Garnier 9th Arrondissement - Kitchen - Washer - Dryer - Pet friendly 10 Exceptional 1 review CA $432 CA $634 total includes taxes & fees Feb 5 - Feb 6 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-05&endDate=2026-02-06&selected=108985344&PinnedHotelID=108985344&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [Compare similar properties](/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-02-15&endDate=2026-02-16&selected=110283718&PinnedHotelID=110283718&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2&comparePropertyIds=110283718,87704786,110283378,76696087,113235198) ## Policies ### Special check-in instructions You will receive an email from the host with check-in and check-out instructions Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Pets Pets not allowed ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome ### Events No events allowed ### Smoking Smoking is not permitted ## Important information ### You need to know Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card, or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed Onsite parties or group events are strictly prohibited Host has indicated there is a carbon monoxide detector on the property Host has indicated there is a smoke detector on the property This property is managed through our partner, Vrbo. You will receive an email from Vrbo with a link to a Vrbo account, where you can change or cancel your reservation Property Registration Number 53498345345HL ### We should mention Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 1000, due to national regulations; for further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation ## About the area 11th Arrondissement, a neighborhood in Paris, is home to this apartment. Notre-Dame and Palais Garnier are notable landmarks, and travelers looking to shop may want to visit Champs-Élysées and Rue de Rivoli. Check out an event or a game at Bercy Arena, and consider making time for Luxembourg Gardens, a top attraction not to be missed. [Visit our Paris travel guide](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris.dx179898) [View more Apartments in Paris](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Apartments.d179898-aaApartments.Travel-Guide-Accommodation) ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6¢er=48.861713,2.373263&zoom=13&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&path=color:0xFFFFF|weight:2|fillcolor:0x005AEB7F|enc:ydgiH%7BonM%3FW%3FW%40W%3FW%40W%40W%3FWBU%40W%40W%40WBUBWBWBUBWBUBUDWBUDUDUDUDUDUFUDUFSDUFSFSHSFSFSHSFSHSFQHQHSJQHQHOHQJOHQJOJOJOJOJMJOJMJMLMJMLKLMJKLKLKLKLIJINKLILGLINGLGLGNGLGNELENENELENCNCNCLCNANCLANANAN%3FN%3FNAN%40L%3FN%3FN%40N%40N%40NBL%40NBNBNBLBNDLDNDNDLDNFLFLFNFLFLHLHNFLJLHLHLJJJLJLJLLJJLLJLJLLLJNHLLNJNHNJNHPJNJPHPHNHRHPHPHRFPHRFRHRFRFRFRFRDTFTFRDTFTDTDTBTDTDTBVDTBTBVBTBVBV%40T%40VBV%40V%40T%40V%40V%3FV%40V%3FV%3FV%3FV%3FV%3FV%3FTAV%3FVAVAVAVAVCTAVAVCTCVCVCTCTEVCTETEVCTETETGRETGTGRETGRGTGRGRIRGRIPGRIPIRIPIPIPIPKNKPINKNINKNMNINKLMLKLKLMLKLMJMJMJKJMJMJMHMHOHMHMFMHOFMFMFODMFODODMBODMBODOBO%40MBO%40O%40O%40O%40O%40M%3FO%3FO%3FO%3FOAOAOAMAOAOCMAOCOEOCMCOEOEMEOGMEOGMGMGOIMGMIMIOIKIMKMKMIMMKKMKMMKMMKKOKMKMKOKOKMKQKOIOKQIOIQIQKQIQISGQISGQISGSGSISGUGSESGUEUGSEUEUEUEUEWCUEUCUCWCUCWCWCUCWAWAUAWCW%3FWAWAW%3FWAU%3FW%3FW&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=J95PFXQNUKSYKAr7f33diub45aA=) Paris, Département de Paris ### What's nearby - ![Canal Saint-Martin featuring a river or creek](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6161249/d440040a-2341-42b6-9859-301caa185b26.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Canal Saint-Martin 1 min walk \- 0.0 km - ![Place des Vosges which includes heritage architecture and a garden](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6068781/8a8eeeb7-cec9-4374-99c4-e57bc7bdd810.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Place des Vosges 6 min walk \- 0.5 km - ![rue de rivoli](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/6161590/414e34a0-4338-4e35-88d5-9b987dd49d3d.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Rue de Rivoli 7 min walk \- 0.7 km - ![Spirit of Liberty, Place de la Bastille, Paris, France](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/508563/5a4a8bbf-da71-4b11-8c2f-9e910eadcc9e.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Place de la Bastille 7 min walk \- 0.7 km - ![Paris , square Opera Bastille by night](https://images.trvl-media.com/place/502233/1496f33f-dbcb-43c4-961d-2619a5e7c6c2.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=115.61&rh=65.03&ra=fit&q=high) Opera Bastille 9 min walk \- 0.8 km ### Getting around - Brégeut-Sabin Metro Station 3 min walk - Gare de Lyon 20 min walk - Paris Orly Airport (ORY) 29 min drive ### Restaurants - Ten Belles Bread 3 min walk - Franprix 3 min walk - Aujourd’hui Demain 3 min walk - Café Le Paris 3 min walk - Huître De L’île D’oléron 3 min walk ## Frequently asked questions ### Is Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. pet-friendly? ### Where is Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. located? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Richard Lenoir facing the metro, 2nd floor, elevator, A/C, magnificent. Reviews ## Reviews ### Wonderful All reviews shown are from real guest experiences. Only travellers who have booked a stay with us can submit a review. We verify reviews according to our guidelines and publish all reviews, positive or negative. [More information](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/b/content-guidelines) 10 - Excellent 5 8 - Good 0 6 - Okay 0 4 - Poor 1 2 - Terrible 0 ### 9.0 Cleanliness ### 9.0 Location ## Reviews ### 10/10 Excellent #### A M. Sep 16, 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, check-in, communication, location, listing accuracy Blackout shutters are amazing. Eric was very responsive, especially after we accidentally locked ourselves out. Easy access with the metro to most sights. Lots of options for grocery stores and pharmacies, and the Marché Bastille on a Thursday or Sunday is a must - it's just a block away. ##### A M. Stayed 7 nights in Sep 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### tegan m. Apr 27, 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, check-in, communication, location, listing accuracy #### Fantastic location, comfortable and spacious appartment We stayed 10 nights, the appartment is well served by all form of public transport. The location has easy access to great restaurants , boulangeries and local markets. The local neighbourhood was wonderful to walk around and explore. ##### tegan m. Stayed 13 nights in Apr 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Ugur D. Aug 4, 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, check-in, communication, location, listing accuracy #### Overall Pleasant Stay This apartment is very cute and in a decent location in Paris. Every direction you walk, you have cute shops and cafes. There is also a metro station almost right outside the door. Trips into the city center were more lengthy, but if you’re in the mood and have the time and energy, they can be walked as well. The apartment was clean, but as with any city, collected dust almost daily. The only downside was that the towels were left wet in the washing machine and we hadn’t checked so ended up buying our own towels until we discovered the ones in the washer. We did especially love the heated drying rack because it was raining when we were there and it was a quick way to dry off our clothes. Otherwise, a pleasant stay overall. I would recommend this house, but probably best for a couple of adults instead of a family. ##### Ugur D. Stayed 6 nights in Jul 2025 ### 4/10 Poor #### Jennifer B. Jun 24, 2025 Liked: Check-in Disliked: Communication, listing accuracy #### Property has potential, but description is not accurate I booked this apartment because I wanted AC and a kitchen for our 7 nights in Paris. The apartment is a great size for two people and has a kitchen. The AC did not work, at all. The host was slow to respond to our pleas for help with how to even try to turn it on. No instructions were left for any of the appliances. I had to use google AI and the internet to figure which box on wall was the AC and how to use the washing machine. Ultimately, the AC box was powered off and would not turn on. Not sure if it is even wired. The host finally responded two days later that it was a problem on the roof and it would not be fixed before we checked out. If it was winter this wouldn't be a problem, but when its 90 degrees outside, it was a problem. Opening windows was not a solution. The ad lists a smoke free building but people smoke outside, one floor down, around the clock. So if you like smelling cigarettes all day and night, then open the windows. The main takeaways are that this property had potential to be great, but missed the mark on the description. The host was also slow to respond. We checked out after only two nights, hoping to get a refund. Booking somewhere else last minute cost me a lot of money and a half day wasted of trying to secure a property with AC and transferring all of our stuff across town. I have not received any refund yet and its been a week since we left the apartment. ##### Jennifer B. Stayed 7 nights in Jun 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Cesar B. Oct 18, 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, check-in, communication, location, listing accuracy My stay was excellent. The apartment was very clean, comfortable, and exactly as described. It’s in a great location — within easy walking distance to plenty of cafés and restaurants. I’d definitely recommend it to anyone visiting Paris and looking for a convenient, welcoming place to stay. ##### Cesar B. Stayed 6 nights in Oct 2025 ### 10/10 Excellent #### Debby E. Jul 19, 2025 Liked: Cleanliness, check-in, communication, location, listing accuracy ##### Debby E. Stayed 4 nights in Jun 2025 ## Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > [Staycity Aparthotels, Paris Gare De l'Est](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Staycity-Aparthotels.h1169651.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Albert 1er Paris Lafayette](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Albert-1er-Paris-Lafayette.h63911.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel Bradford Elysées – Astotel](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Bradford-Elysees-Astotel.h6901.Hotel-Information) > > [Le Dokhan’s Paris Arc de Triomphe, a Tribute Portfolio Hotel](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Le-Dokhans.h562399.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Wallace, a Member of Design Hotels – Orso hotel](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Le-Wallace-Hotel-Et-Bar.h45826672.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel Edgar & Achille](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Edgar-Restaurant-Hotel.h6456398.Hotel-Information) > > [25hours Hotel Terminus Nord](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-25hours-Hotel-Paris-Terminus-Nord.h15940.Hotel-Information) > > [The People - Paris Bercy - Hostel](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-The-People-Hostel-Paris-12.h36818758.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Balmoral](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Balmoral-Champs-Elysees.h44847.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel Monsieur & Spa](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Monsieur.h11741259.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Atala Champs Elysées](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Atala-Champs-Elysees.h26733.Hotel-Information) > > [Le Metropolitan Paris Tour Eiffel, a Tribute Portfolio Hotel](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Le-Metropolitan.h7145.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotel Lancaster](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Lancaster.h23034.Hotel-Information) > > [Aparthotel Quartier Libre Saint Georges](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Quartier-Libre-Saint-Georges.h74817857.Hotel-Information) > > [Norman Paris Hôtel & Spa](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-De-Vigny.h189601.Hotel-Information) > > [ Hôtel de Berri Champs-Élysées, a Luxury Collection Hotel](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-De-Berri.h874178.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel Sleeping Belle - Gare de Lyon Bastille](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Elysee-Gare-De-Lyon.h5638495.Hotel-Information) > > [Warwick Champs-Elysées Paris](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Warwick-Paris-Formerly-Hotel-Warwick-Champs-Elysees.h22410.Hotel-Information) > > [ibis Paris 17 Clichy-Batignolles](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Ibis-Paris-17-Clichy-Batignolles-Formerly-Berthier.h565533.Hotel-Information) > > [Monsieur George Hotel & Spa – Champs Elysées](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Monsieur-George-Champs-Elysees.h38705288.Hotel-Information) > > [The One Alma Paris](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Juliana-Paris.h9748353.Hotel-Information) > > [Mayflower Opéra ](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Mayflower-Opera.h12604991.Hotel-Information) > > [ELSA, Hôtel Paris](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Astrid.h522512.Hotel-Information) > > [Makom Pereire](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Residence-Makom-Pereire.h874616.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel Jardin de Cluny](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Best-Western-Jardin-De-Cluny.h26651.Hotel-Information) > > [Campanile Prime Paris 19 - La Villette](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Campanile-Prime-Paris-La-Villette.h106674.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel Louis II ](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Louis-2.h1383410.Hotel-Information) > > [Citadines Montparnasse Paris](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Citadines-Maine-Montparnasse-Paris.h68785.Hotel-Information) > > [Hôtel du Savoir](https://www.expedia.ca/Paris-Hotels-Hotel-Le-Petit-Belloy-Saint-Germain.h2466847.Hotel-Information)