Title: Atlanta Hotel Leipzig - Latest Reviews, Deals & Photos 2026 - Expedia.ca [See all properties](http://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?regionId=&adults=2&children=&sort=RECOMMENDED&useRewards=false&semdtl=&userIntent=&vip=false) # Atlanta Hotel Leipzig Suburban hotel with a full-service spa and a health club ## Photo gallery for Atlanta Hotel Leipzig ![Sauna, hot tub, steam room - Atlanta Hotel Leipzig (Markkleeberg)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/7bf987cd.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=598&ra=fit) ![Sauna, hot tub, steam room - Atlanta Hotel Leipzig (Markkleeberg)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/db507bc6.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Reception - Atlanta Hotel Leipzig (Markkleeberg)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/f2254fec.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Daily buffet breakfast (EUR 18.50 per person) - Atlanta Hotel Leipzig (Markkleeberg)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/423b2d50.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing - Atlanta Hotel Leipzig (Markkleeberg)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/2f002829.jpg?impolicy=resizecrop&rw=297&ra=fit) - Overview - Rooms - Location - Policies Atlanta Hotel Leipzig offers a balance of recreation and relaxation in its suburban setting. Enjoy mini golf and cycling before unwinding in the sauna or steam room. Das Restaurant 21 serves meals, and the on-site cafe provides coffee for quick refreshment. ## Reviews 8.2 Very good ## Popular amenities - Spa - Bar - Gym - 24/7 front desk - Parking available - Room service ## Room options ### Check availability for these dates Tonight [Dec. 14 - Dec. 15](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-14&endDate=2025-12-15&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-14&endDate=2025-12-15&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Tomorrow [Dec. 15 - Dec. 16](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-15&endDate=2025-12-16&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-15&endDate=2025-12-16&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) This weekend [Dec. 19 - Dec. 21](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-19&endDate=2025-12-21&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-19&endDate=2025-12-21&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) Next weekend [Dec. 26 - Dec. 28](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-26&endDate=2025-12-28&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-26&endDate=2025-12-28&selected=892259&PinnedHotelID=892259&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) All rooms 1 bed 3+ beds Showing 8 of 8 rooms ### View all photos for Standard Single Room ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/d101d9c7.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Standard Single Room ### Highlights Soundproofed Air conditioning Free rollaway/extra beds TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Private bathroom Hair dryer - 280 sq ft - Sleeps 1 - 1 Queen Bed ### View all photos for One-Room Apartment, 1.40m bed ![One-Room Apartment, 1.40m bed | Living area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/3d91aea6.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### One-Room Apartment, 1.40m bed 8.0 Very good 1 review ### Highlights Soundproofed Kitchenette TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Private bathroom Hair dryer Cookware/dishes/utensils - 279 sq ft - Sleeps 1 - 1 Double Bed ### View all photos for Two-Room Apartment ![Two-Room Apartment](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/747e7dfa.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Two-Room Apartment ### Highlights Soundproofed Kitchenette TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Separate bedroom Private bathroom Hair dryer - 549 sq ft - 1 bedroom - Sleeps 4 - 2 Twin Beds and 1 Double Sofa Bed ### View all photos for Comfort Single Room ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/99ee05d9.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Comfort Single Room ### Highlights Soundproofed Air conditioning Free rollaway/extra beds TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Private bathroom Hair dryer - 280 sq ft - Sleeps 1 - 1 Double Bed ### View all photos for Comfort Double Room ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/99ee05d9.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Comfort Double Room 9.4 Exceptional 6 reviews ### Highlights Soundproofed Air conditioning Free rollaway/extra beds TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Private bathroom Hair dryer - 280 sq ft - Sleeps 3 - 1 Double Bed ### View all photos for Standard Double Room ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/d101d9c7.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Standard Double Room 7.4 Good 6 reviews ### Highlights Soundproofed Air conditioning Free rollaway/extra beds TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Private bathroom Hair dryer - 280 sq ft - Sleeps 3 - 1 Queen Bed ### View all photos for Superior Double Room ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/3cd175c9.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Superior Double Room 10.0 Exceptional 1 review ### Highlights Soundproofed Air conditioning Free rollaway/extra beds TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Hair dryer Bathrobes - Sleeps 3 - 1 Double Bed ### View all photos for Superior Single Room ![Hypo-allergenic bedding, desk, blackout drapes, soundproofing](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/892300/892259/3cd175c9.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=1200&h=800&quality=medium) ### Superior Single Room ### Highlights Soundproofed Air conditioning Free rollaway/extra beds TV Hypo-allergenic bedding Blackout drapes/curtains Private bathroom Hair dryer - Sleeps 1 - 1 Double Bed ![Mod logo](https://a.travel-assets.com/pricing-claim/sparkle_dark.svg) Sign in to view eligible discounts and perks. More rewards for more adventures! [Sign in](https://www.expedia.ca/login?ckoflag=0&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FMarkkleeberg-Hotels-Atlanta-Hotel-International-Leipzig.h892259.Hotel-Information)[Sign up, it's free](https://www.expedia.ca/signup?enable_registration=true&uurl=e3id%3Dredr%26rurl%3D%2FMarkkleeberg-Hotels-Atlanta-Hotel-International-Leipzig.h892259.Hotel-Information) ## About the area ![Map](https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?&size=660x330&map_id=3b266eb50d2997c6&zoom=13&markers=icon:https%3A%2F%2Fa.travel-assets.com%2Ftravel-assets-manager%2Feg-maps%2Fproperty.png%7C51.28164%2C12.42858&channel=expedia-HotelInformation&maptype=roadmap&scale=1&key=AIzaSyCYjQus5kCufOpSj932jFoR_AJiL9yiwOw&signature=12_vbicxe1m_RVPQkUXO3cakGXI=) Suedring 21, Markkleeberg, SN, 04416 #### What's nearby - Recreation Area Lossnig-Dolitz \- 10 min walk \- 0.9 km - Markkleeberger See \- 3 min drive \- 2.7 km - Wachauer Strand \- 4 min drive \- 3.0 km - Leipzig Zoo \- 17 min drive \- 12.6 km - Leipzig Trade Fair \- 19 min drive \- 34.5 km #### Getting around - Leipzig Liebertwolkwitz Station - 4 min drive - Probstheida Tram Stop - 4 min drive - Leipzig (LEJ-Leipzig - Halle) - 30 min drive #### Restaurants - ‪Agra Café - ‬6 min drive - ‪Odysseus - ‬4 min drive - ‪Parkschloss Leipzig - ‬9 min drive - ‪Wied Nam am See - ‬4 min drive - ‪Brauhaus Napoleon - ‬4 min drive ## About this property ### Atlanta Hotel Leipzig Hotel near Leipzig Zoo Located close to Leipzig Panometer, Atlanta Hotel Leipzig provides a terrace, shopping on site, and a coffee shop/cafe. Active travelers can enjoy cycling at this hotel. Take some time to relax at the onsite spa. The on-site restaurant, Das Restaurant 21, offers breakfast, lunch, and dinner. In addition to a garden and a hair salon, guests can connect to free WiFi in public areas. Additional perks include: - Buffet breakfast (surcharge), bike rentals, and self parking (surcharge) - Express check-out, express check-in, and meeting rooms - A banquet hall, luggage storage, and a computer station Room features All 196 rooms include amenities such as high-speed internet, sound-insulated walls, and free newspapers. Extra amenities include: - Free toiletries and hair dryers - TVs with satellite channels ## Similar properties ![2 restaurants, breakfast, lunch served; local and international cuisine](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/480000/476500/476480/0d1d03a7.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Parkhotel Diani Suedost - Spa - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free WiFi 8.8 Excellent 400 reviews CA $149 CA $168 total includes taxes & fees Dec 15 - Dec 16 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-15&endDate=2025-12-16&selected=476480&PinnedHotelID=476480&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Lobby sitting area](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/30000/24900/24888/37177330.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Seminaris Hotel Leipzig Alt-West - Breakfast included - Spa - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi 8.4 Very good 999 reviews CA $145 CA $163 total includes taxes & fees Jan 3 - Jan 4, 2026 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-01-03&endDate=2026-01-04&selected=24888&PinnedHotelID=24888&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Sauna](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/900000/894900/894837/4428f849.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Balance Hotel Leipzig Alte Messe Suedost - Spa - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi - Restaurant 8.6 Excellent 399 reviews [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-28&endDate=2025-12-29&selected=894837&PinnedHotelID=894837&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Bar (on property)](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/39000000/38980000/38975100/38975042/af820d91.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Amedia Leipzig, Trademark Collection by Wyndham Süd - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi - Breakfast available - Parking available 9.2 Wonderful 141 reviews CA $112 CA $126 total includes taxes & fees Jan 4 - Jan 5, 2026 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-01-04&endDate=2026-01-05&selected=38975042&PinnedHotelID=38975042&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Fitness studio](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/5000000/4580000/4574400/4574327/a4cb61fe.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Seehof Zwenkau - Breakfast included - Spa - Pet-friendly - Parking included 8.4 Very good 86 reviews CA $172 CA $184 total includes taxes & fees Dec 15 - Dec 16 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-15&endDate=2025-12-16&selected=4574327&PinnedHotelID=4574327&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Terrace/patio](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/18000000/17780000/17770700/17770655/0e3fb62f.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### LOGINN Hotel Leipzig Nord - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi - Restaurant - Air conditioning 8.6 Excellent 399 reviews CA $103 CA $116 total includes taxes & fees Dec 21 - Dec 22 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-21&endDate=2025-12-22&selected=17770655&PinnedHotelID=17770655&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Reception](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/40000/34800/34757/5cd233e5.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### H4 Hotel Leipzig Ost - Spa - Pet-friendly - Parking included - Free WiFi 8.8 Excellent 522 reviews CA $163 CA $183 total includes taxes & fees Jan 4 - Jan 5, 2026 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-01-04&endDate=2026-01-05&selected=34757&PinnedHotelID=34757&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Free daily buffet breakfast](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/50000/45300/45225/f4e0daf4.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Best Western Hotel Windorf Südwest - Breakfast included - Parking included - Free WiFi - Restaurant 8.4 Very good 340 reviews CA $139 CA $156 total includes taxes & fees Jan 12 - Jan 13, 2026 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2026-01-12&endDate=2026-01-13&selected=45225&PinnedHotelID=45225&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Interior entrance](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/1000000/80000/72300/72266/147e02a7.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Alt Connewitz Süd - Spa - Free WiFi - Tennis court - Breakfast available 8.8 Excellent 279 reviews CA $76 CA $86 total includes taxes & fees Dec 28 - Dec 29 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-28&endDate=2025-12-29&selected=72266&PinnedHotelID=72266&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ![Lobby](https://images.trvl-media.com/lodging/7000000/6630000/6621700/6621626/7ad9bbd6.jpg?impolicy=fcrop&w=469&h=201&p=1&q=medium) ### Hotel Leipzig City Nord by Campanile Eutritzsch - Pet-friendly - Free WiFi - Breakfast available - Parking available 7.6 Good 380 reviews CA $89 CA $100 total includes taxes & fees Dec 15 - Dec 16 [](https://www.expedia.ca/Hotel-Search?startDate=2025-12-15&endDate=2025-12-16&selected=6621626&PinnedHotelID=6621626&HadPinnedHotel=true®ionId=-1&adults=2) ## Property amenities ### Internet - Available in all rooms: High-speed internet - Available in some public areas: Free WiFi ### Parking and transportation - Self parking on site (EUR 8 per night) ### Food and drink - Daily buffet breakfast available 6:00 AM to 10:00 AM for a fee: EUR 18.50 per person - A bar/lounge - A coffee shop/cafe - A restaurant ### Restaurants on site - Bar + Bistro 21 - Das Restaurant 21 ### Things to do - Bicycle rentals - Full-service spa - Health club - Shopping - TV in common areas ### Family friendly - Laundry facilities - Soundproofed rooms ### Conveniences - 24-hour front desk - Free newspapers in lobby - Gift shop/newsstand - Hair salon - Laundry facilities - Luggage storage - Safe at front desk ### Guest services - Concierge services - Dry cleaning/laundry service - Multilingual staff - Tour and ticket assistance ### Business services - Business center - Computer station - Conference space - Meeting rooms ### Outdoors - Garden - Terrace ### Full-service spa - Hot tub - Sauna - Spa open daily - Steam room ### Accessibility - No elevator ### More - 7 floors - Banquet hall - Built in 1993 - Designated smoking areas ## Room amenities ### Bedroom - Bedsheets provided - Blackout drapes - Hypo-allergenic bedding ### Bathroom - Free toiletries - Hair dryer - Towels provided ### Entertainment - Pay movies - TV with satellite channels ### Food and drink - Limited room service ### More - Desk - Free daily newspapers - Iron/ironing board on request - Soundproofed rooms ## Policies ### Check-in Check-in start time: 3 PM; Check-in end time: midnight Express check-in available Minimum check-in age: 18 ### Check-out Check-out before 11 AM Late check-out subject to availability Late check-out fee: EUR 15 Express check-out available ### Special check-in instructions Front desk staff will greet guests on arrival at the property Information provided by the property may be translated using automated translation tools ### Access methods Staffed front desk ### Pets Pets allowed for an extra charge of EUR 15 per pet, per day, plus a deposit of EUR 15 per night Service animals are welcome, and are exempt from fees Pets cannot be left unattended Specific rooms only; pet-friendly rooms can be requested by contacting the property at the number on the booking confirmation Food and water bowls are available ### Children and extra beds Children are welcome Children up to the age of 6 years can stay for free if using existing beds when occupying the parent or guardian's room ### Property payment types ## Important information ### Optional extras - Fee for buffet breakfast: approximately EUR 18.50 per person - Self parking fee: EUR 8 per night - Pet deposit: EUR 15 per night - Pet fee: EUR 15 per pet, per day - Service animals are exempt from fees - Late check-out fee: EUR 15 (subject to availability) The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change. ### You need to know Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card, or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges; special requests cannot be guaranteed This property accepts credit cards and cash ### We should mention This property does not have elevators A car is not required for transportation to and from this property ### Property is also known as Atlanta Hotel International Leipzig Atlanta International Leipzig Atlanta Hotel Leipzig Hotel Atlanta Hotel Leipzig Markkleeberg Atlanta Hotel International Leipzig Atlanta Hotel Leipzig Hotel Markkleeberg ## Frequently asked questions ### Is Atlanta Hotel Leipzig pet-friendly? ### How much does it cost to stay at Atlanta Hotel Leipzig? ### How much is parking? ### What time is check-in at Atlanta Hotel Leipzig? ### What time is check-out at Atlanta Hotel Leipzig? ### Where is Atlanta Hotel Leipzig located? ## Have a question? Beta Get instant answers with AI powered search of property information and reviews. Ask a question ## Expedia's Latest Trends ### Hotels > [TownePlace Suites by Marriott London](https://www.expedia.ca/London-Hotels-TownePlace-Suites-By-Marriott-London.h26341.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotels in Glebe](https://www.expedia.ca/Glebe-Ottawa-Hotels.0-n6284991-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Hotels in Abbotsford](https://www.expedia.ca/Abbotsford-Hotels.d4128.Travel-Guide-Hotels) > > [Hilton Aruba Caribbean Resort and Casino](https://www.expedia.ca/Noord-Hotels-Hilton-Aruba-Caribbean-Resort-And-Casino.h21372.Hotel-Information) > > [The Westin Detroit Metropolitan Airport](https://www.expedia.ca/Detroit-Hotels-The-Westin-Detroit-Metropolitan-Airport.h900411.Hotel-Information) > > [Sheraton Toronto Airport Hotel & Conference Centre](https://www.expedia.ca/Toronto-Hotels-Sheraton-Toronto-Airport-Hotel-Conference-Centre.h28002.Hotel-Information) > > [Hotels in Gaushala](https://www.expedia.ca/Gaushala-Kathmandu-Hotels.0-n553248635976007564-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Hotels near University of Notre Dame](https://www.expedia.ca/University-Of-Notre-Dame-Hotels.0-l6062581-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels) > > [Hotels in Robb](https://www.expedia.ca/Robb-Hotels.d553248635974899504.Travel-Guide-Hotels) > > [Sandals Royal Curacao - All Inclusive Couples Only](https://www.expedia.ca/Willemstad-Hotels-Sandals-Royal-Curacao-ALL-INCLUSIVE.h70598070.Hotel-Information) ### Flights > [WestJet Calgary (YYC) to Abbotsford (YXX) flights](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flight-routes/westjet-from-calgary-intl-to-abbotsford-intl/ws/yyc/yxx) > > [Flights from Vancouver (YVR) to Latham (ALB)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yvr/alb/vancouver-to-albany) > > [Flights from Saskatoon (YXE) to Winnipeg (YWG)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yxe/ywg/saskatoon-to-winnipeg) > > [Flights from Chicago (ORD) to Sidney (YYJ)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/ord/yyj/chicago-to-victoria) > > [Flights from Edmonton (YEG) to Manila (MNL)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yeg/mnl/edmonton-to-manila) > > [Flights from Luxor (LXR) to Sharm El Sheikh (SSH)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/lxr/ssh/luxor-to-sharm-el-sheikh) > > [Flights from Pearson Intl. to TYO-All Airports](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yyz/tyo/toronto-to-tokyo) > > [Aegean](https://www.expedia.ca/Aegean-Flights.cA3.Travel-Guide-Airlines) > > [Flights from St. John's (YYT) to Gatwick (LGW)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yyt/lgw/st-johns-to-london) > > [Flights from Goffs (YHZ) to Las Vegas (LAS)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yhz/las/halifax-to-las-vegas) > > [Flights from Montreal (YUL) to Lincoln (YFC)](https://www.expedia.ca/lp/flights/yul/yfc/montreal-to-fredericton) ### Activities > [Things to do in Collingwood](https://www.expedia.ca/Things-To-Do-In-Collingwood.d11938.Travel-Guide-Activities) ### Packages > [Muttart Conservatory](https://www.expedia.ca/Muttart-Conservatory-Cloverdale.d501020.Vacation-Attraction)